Step 1: Understanding the question.
The question asks which of the following stratigraphic units are known to contain coal or lignite. These are important coal-bearing formations in India.
Step 2: Analyzing the options.
(A) Barakar Formation: Correct — The Barakar Formation is a major coal-bearing formation in the Damodar Valley, which contains significant deposits of coal and lignite.
(B) Barail Group: Correct — The Barail Group is also known to contain coal and lignite deposits, especially in Assam and other northeastern regions.
(C) Cuddalore Formation: Correct — The Cuddalore Formation in southern India is known to contain lignite deposits.
(D) Ariyalur Formation: Incorrect — The Ariyalur Formation is not known for coal or lignite deposits, but it contains limestone and other sedimentary rocks.
Step 3: Conclusion.
The correct answer is (A) Barakar Formation, (B) Barail Group, and (C) Cuddalore Formation, as they are all coal/lignite-bearing formations.