Question

Which of the following soils is formed by the disintegration of basalt?

• A. Laterite soil
• B. Regur
• C. Alluvial soil
• D. Mountain soil

Hint:

Regur soil is called "Black Cotton Soil" because it is the most suitable soil for growing cotton in India, particularly in Maharashtra and Gujarat.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

The formation of soil depends heavily on the parent rock material and the weathering process it undergoes. Basalt is a volcanic rock common in the Deccan Plateau.

Step 1: Analyze the options.
(A) Laterite soil: Formed in areas with high temperature and heavy rainfall through the process of leaching.
(B) Regur: Also known as Black Soil or Black Cotton Soil, it is formed by the weathering and disintegration of basaltic lava rocks. It is rich in clay and retains moisture well.
(C) Alluvial soil: Formed by the deposition of silt and sediment by rivers.
(D) Mountain soil: Formed in hilly regions with sufficient rain forest cover, varying in texture based on altitude.

Step 2: Conclusion.
Regur (Black Soil) is specifically the product of basalt rock disintegration, making it ideal for cotton cultivation.
Final Answer: \[ \boxed{(B) \, \text{Regur}} \]