Which of the following plants tissues cannot be used as explant in tissue culture?
- Sclerenchyma
- Collenchyma
- Meristem
- Parenchyma
The Correct Option is A
Approach Solution - 1
Sclerenchyma consists of dead cells with thick lignified walls, making them incapable of division and regeneration.
Tissue culture is a laboratory technique used to grow and maintain plant, animal, or microbial cells or tissues in a controlled, sterile environment. In plants, it involves growing cells, tissues, or organs in nutrient-rich media to regenerate whole plants. This method is widely used in plant biotechnology, agriculture, and horticulture for various purposes such as cloning, genetic modification, conservation, and breeding.
Suitable explants:
- (A) Meristem: Actively dividing cells (ideal for virus-free plants).
- (B) Parenchyma: Living, totipotent cells.
- (D) Collenchyma: Living, flexible cells (can dedifferentiate).
Correct Answer: (A) Sclerenchyma
Approach Solution -2
Sclerenchyma consists of dead, lignified cells (e.g., fibers, stone cells) and cannot divide or regenerate, making it unsuitable as an explant.
(A) Meristem: Actively dividing, ideal for virus-free plant culture.
(B) Parenchyma: Living, totipotent cells capable of regeneration.
(D) Collenchyma: Living cells with growth potential.
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Concepts Used:
The Tissue System
Epidermal Tissue System:
The epidermal tissue system forms the outer-most covering of the whole plant body and comprises epidermal cells, stomata, and the epidermal appendages – the trichomes and hairs. The epidermis is the outermost layer of the primary plant body. It is made up of elongated, compactly arranged cells, which form a continuous layer. The epidermis is usually single-layered.
Ground Tissue System:
All tissues except the epidermis and vascular bundles constitute the ground tissue. It consists of simple tissues such as parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma. Parenchymatous cells are usually present in the cortex, pericycle, pith, and medullary rays, in the primary stems and roots. In leaves, the ground tissue consists of thin-walled chloroplast-containing cells and is called mesophyll.
Vascular Tissue System:
The vascular system consists of complex tissues, the phloem, and the xylem. The xylem and phloem together constitute vascular bundles. In dicotyledonous stems, cambium is present between phloem and xylem. Such vascular bundles because of the presence of cambium possess the ability to form secondary xylem and phloem tissues and hence are called open vascular bundles. In the monocotyledons, the vascular bundles have no cambium present in them. Hence, since they do not form secondary tissues they are referred to as closed.
Read More: Plant Tissue