Question

Which of the following is/are present in the human brain?

• A. Astrocytes
• B. Podocytes
• C. Oligodendrocytes
• D. Microglial cells

Hint:

Astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and ependymal cells are the major neuroglial cells of the central nervous system.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A, C, D

Step 1: Understand supporting cells in the brain.
The human brain contains specialized supporting cells called neuroglial cells or glia. These cells provide structural support, nutrition, insulation, and immune protection to neurons.

Step 2: Analyze astrocytes.
Astrocytes are star-shaped glial cells present in the central nervous system. They help maintain the blood-brain barrier, regulate ion balance, and support neuronal function. Therefore, option (A) is correct.

Step 3: Analyze podocytes.
Podocytes are specialized epithelial cells found in the kidney, particularly in the Bowman's capsule of nephrons. They are not present in the brain. Hence, option (B) is incorrect.

Step 4: Analyze oligodendrocytes.
Oligodendrocytes are glial cells of the central nervous system responsible for forming the myelin sheath around neuronal axons in the brain and spinal cord. Therefore, option (C) is correct.

Step 5: Analyze microglial cells.
Microglial cells are immune cells of the central nervous system that perform phagocytosis and protect neural tissue from pathogens and damaged cells. Thus, option (D) is correct.

Step 6: Compare all the options.
Among the given options, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglial cells are all present in the human brain, whereas podocytes are kidney cells.

Step 7: Final conclusion.
Hence, the cells present in the human brain are
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