Sulphur dioxide (\(\mathrm{SO_2}\)) reacts with atmospheric moisture to form sulphurous and sulphuric acids.
These acids cause acid rain, which corrodes metals and deteriorates monuments made of marble and limestone.
Hence,
\[
\boxed{\text{Sulphur dioxide}}
\]
is the correct answer.
Therefore,
\[
\boxed{(A)}
\]