Concept:
A thread is often called a lightweight process because it shares resources with other threads of the same process.
Step 1: Understand a process.
A process contains:
• Program code
• Data section
• Stack
• Heap
• Registers
Creating a new process requires significant overhead.
Step 2: Understand a thread.
Threads within a process share:
• Address space
• Open files
• Global variables
Only stack and registers are separate.
Therefore, thread creation and switching are faster.
Step 3: Choose the answer.
Hence,
\[
\boxed{\text{Thread}}
\]
is known as a lightweight process.
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