Step 1: Understanding the Wheatstone bridge.
A Wheatstone bridge is a circuit used to measure an unknown resistance by balancing two legs of a bridge circuit. The bridge consists of four resistances, and the unknown resistance is calculated when the bridge is balanced (i.e., when the current through the galvanometer is zero).
Step 2: Conclusion.
Thus, a Wheatstone bridge is primarily used to measure resistance, corresponding to option (C).