Question

What is magnetization, magnetic intensity, and magnetic susceptibility?

Hint:

Magnetization relates to induced moments; susceptibility indicates diamagnetic (\( \chi<0 \)) or paramagnetic (\( \chi>0 \)) materials.

Answer 1

Magnetization (\( M \)): The magnetic moment per unit volume of a material, induced by an external magnetic field. \( M = \frac{m}{V} \), unit: A/m.
Magnetic Intensity (\( H \)): The magnetizing force or magnetic field strength that induces magnetization in a material. \( H = \frac{B}{\mu_0} - M \) in vacuum, unit: A/m.
Magnetic Susceptibility (\( \chi \)): A measure of how a material becomes magnetized in an external magnetic field. \( \chi = \frac{M}{H} \), dimensionless.
Answer: Magnetization is magnetic moment per volume; magnetic intensity is magnetizing force; susceptibility is response to field.