Question:
Vertical transmission of HIV from mother to child is highest with which of the following?
Vertical transmission of HIV from mother to child is highest with which of the following?
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The more virus in maternal blood, the higher the transmission risk.
Updated On: Jun 23, 2026
- Elective caesarean section
- High viral RNA load
- Breast feeding
- Term delivery
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The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Vertical (mother-to-child) HIV transmission risk depends on maternal, obstetric, and infant factors, with maternal viraemia being the dominant driver.
Step 2: A high maternal viral RNA load is the single strongest predictor, because more circulating virus means a greater chance of exposure during pregnancy, labour, and feeding.
Step 3: The distractors all lower or do not maximise risk. Elective caesarean section before labour roughly halves transmission, term delivery carries lower risk than prematurity, and breastfeeding adds risk but less than uncontrolled high viraemia.
Step 4: Therefore high viral RNA load is the factor most associated with the highest vertical transmission.
Step 2: A high maternal viral RNA load is the single strongest predictor, because more circulating virus means a greater chance of exposure during pregnancy, labour, and feeding.
Step 3: The distractors all lower or do not maximise risk. Elective caesarean section before labour roughly halves transmission, term delivery carries lower risk than prematurity, and breastfeeding adds risk but less than uncontrolled high viraemia.
Step 4: Therefore high viral RNA load is the factor most associated with the highest vertical transmission.
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