Comprehension
Two renowned international Software companies, namely Pollaris and Contigent, started their business in the year 2007 and both the companies were in competition with each other in profit making. Pollaris earned 30 per cent profit in the year 2007 and 2008, and further increased it to 40 per cent in 2009. However, its profit percentage decreased to 20 per cent in the year 2010. On the other hand, Contigent opened with 40 per cent profit in 2007, but slowly decreased to 35 per cent in 2008 and 30 per cent in 2009. Interestingly, both the companies increased their profit percentage in the later year considerably. Pollaris increased its profit percentage to 35 per cent in 2011 and 50 per cent in 2012; simultaneously, Contigent increased its profit percentage to 45 per cent in 2010, 50 per cent in 2011 and reached 60 per cent in the year 2012. As there is a need to understand the income and expenditure for the better performance of both companies in the future, answer the following questions.
Question: 1
What is the increase in profit of Contigent Company in percentage from year 2011 to 2012?
What is the increase in profit of Contigent Company in percentage from year 2011 to 2012?
Updated On: Jul 15, 2026
- 10%
- 20%
- 15%
- Cannot be determined.
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The Correct Option is B
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The correct Answer is (B): 20%.
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Contigent's profit percentage was 50% in 2011 and 60% in 2012. The question asks for the percentage increase from 2011 to 2012, so each option can be checked against the standard percentage increase formula, \( \text{Percentage increase} = \frac{\text{New value} - \text{Old value}}{\text{Old value}} \times 100 \).
- 10%: this is just the plain difference in percentage points (\(60 - 50 = 10\)), not the percentage increase relative to the starting value. Mixing up a point difference with a percentage increase is a common slip, so this option does not answer what was asked.
- 20%: using the formula, \( \frac{60 - 50}{50} \times 100 = \frac{10}{50} \times 100 = 20\% \). This matches the actual percentage increase.
- 15%: for this to be correct, the old value would need to be about \(66.7\), since \( \frac{10}{66.7} \times 100 \approx 15\% \), which does not match Contigent's actual 2011 figure of 50%. So this does not fit the given numbers.
- Cannot be determined: both the 2011 and 2012 figures are directly given in the passage (50% and 60%), so the increase can in fact be worked out. This option does not apply.
Applying the formula correctly to the given values of 50% and 60% gives a 20% increase.
So the correct answer is option (B), 20%.
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Question: 2
What percentage of the total profit making of Pollaris Company in 2011 and 2012 is the total profit making of Contigent Company in 2007 and 2008?
What percentage of the total profit making of Pollaris Company in 2011 and 2012 is the total profit making of Contigent Company in 2007 and 2008?
Updated On: Jul 15, 2026
- 113.3%
- 95.3%
- 90.3%
- 133.3%
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The Correct Option is A
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The correct Answer is (A): 113.3%.
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Pollaris earned 35% profit in 2011 and 50% in 2012, giving a combined figure of 85. Contigent earned 40% in 2007 and 35% in 2008, giving a combined figure of 75. The question asks what percentage Pollaris's combined total represents of Contigent's combined total, so each option can be checked against \( \frac{85}{75} \times 100 \).
- 113.3%: \( \frac{85}{75} \times 100 = 113.33\% \), which matches the two totals worked out from the passage.
- 95.3%: this would only come up if the two totals were much closer together, such as 71.5 against 75, which is not what the passage gives.
- 90.3%: this undershoots the actual ratio, and would only fit if Pollaris's combined figure were around 67.7 instead of 85.
- 133.3%: this overshoots the actual ratio, and would only fit if Pollaris's combined figure were around 100 instead of 85.
Working directly from the two totals given in the passage, 85 against 75, produces 113.3%, which matches only the first option.
So the correct answer is option (A), 113.3%.
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Question: 3
If the income of Contigent Company in 2008 was ₹ 200 crores, what was its profit in 2009?
If the income of Contigent Company in 2008 was ₹ 200 crores, what was its profit in 2009?
Updated On: Jul 15, 2026
- ₹ 21.5 Crore
- ₹ 46.15 Crore
- ₹ 153 Crore
- Cannot be determined.
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The Correct Option is D
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The correct Answer is (D): Cannot be determined.
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The question gives Contigent's income for 2008 (₹200 crore) and asks for its profit in 2009. Checking what each option would require shows why none of the specific rupee figures can actually be worked out.
- ₹21.5 Crore: arriving at any rupee figure for 2009 profit needs 2009's income, since the 30% profit figure for 2009 applies to 2009's income, not 2008's. No income figure for 2009 is given anywhere in the passage, so this specific amount cannot be justified.
- ₹46.15 Crore: the same problem applies, this number can only be produced by assuming a particular income for 2009, which is never stated.
- ₹153 Crore: again, this would require picking an income figure for 2009 out of nowhere, since the passage only gives 2008's income.
- Cannot be determined: the ₹200 crore figure belongs strictly to 2008. Profit percentages change year to year and apply to that year's own income, so 2009's profit needs 2009's income, which the passage never provides. Without it, no rupee value can be pinned down.
Since a year's profit percentage only tells us profit as a share of that same year's income, and 2009's income is never given, the actual profit for 2009 cannot be calculated.
So the correct answer is option (D), Cannot be determined.
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Question: 4
What is the difference between the company with highest annual average profit percentage and that of the company with lowest annual average profit percentage?
What is the difference between the company with highest annual average profit percentage and that of the company with lowest annual average profit percentage?
Updated On: Jul 15, 2026
- 5.17
- 8.33
- 9.17
- 4.33
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The Correct Option is C
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The correct Answer is (C): 9.17
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To compare the two companies' overall performance, the question asks for the difference between their average annual profit percentages across all six years, 2007 to 2012.
- 5.17: a difference this small would only come up if the two companies' yearly figures were far closer together than they actually are across the six years.
- 8.33: close to the true value but not exact, since it does not keep the exact fraction left over when each company's total is divided by 6.
- 9.17: matches the actual difference once both averages are worked out precisely, keeping the fraction rather than rounding early.
- 4.33: too small to match the real gap between the two companies, and would only fit if Contigent's figures were much closer to Pollaris's.
Pollaris earned 30, 30, 40, 20, 35 and 50 percent profit across the six years, adding to 205, for an average of \( \frac{205}{6} \). Contigent earned 40, 35, 30, 45, 50 and 60 percent, adding to 260, for an average of \( \frac{260}{6} \). The difference between these two averages is \( \frac{260}{6} - \frac{205}{6} = \frac{55}{6} \approx 9.17 \).
So the correct answer is option (C), 9.17.
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Question: 5
What is the percentage increase in profit of Pollaris Company from year 2010 to 2011?
What is the percentage increase in profit of Pollaris Company from year 2010 to 2011?
Updated On: Jul 15, 2026
- 42.86
- 75
- 175
- Cannot be determined.
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The Correct Option is B
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The correct Answer is (B): 75
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Pollaris earned 20% profit in 2010 and 35% in 2011. The question asks for the percentage increase from 2010 to 2011, so each option can be checked against \( \frac{35 - 20}{20} \times 100 \).
- 42.86: this would be the result of dividing the increase by the new value instead of the old one, \( \frac{15}{35} \times 100 \approx 42.86 \), which is not how a percentage increase is measured.
- 75: using the increase over the original value, \( \frac{15}{20} \times 100 = 75 \), which matches the correct method.
- 175: this is far too large, and would only arise from mistakenly treating 35 itself as the increase rather than the difference of 15.
- Cannot be determined: both years' figures, 20% and 35%, are directly stated in the passage, so the increase can be worked out.
The rise from 20% to 35% is a jump of 15 percentage points, and measured against the starting value of 20, that comes to \( \frac{15}{20} \times 100 = 75\% \).
So the correct answer is option (B), 75.
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