The sum of sigma (σ) and pi (π) bonds in Hex-1,3-dien-5-yne is:
Correct Answer: 15
Approach Solution - 1
To solve this problem, we need to determine the number of sigma ($\sigma$) and pi ($\pi$) bonds in the given structure of Hex-1,3-dien-5-yne, which is $CH_2=CH-CH=CH-CH_2-C \equiv CH$.
1. Analyzing the Structure:
We need to count each $\sigma$ and $\pi$ bond in the molecule.
2. Counting Sigma Bonds:
- C1=C2: 1 $\sigma$ bond
- C2-C3: 1 $\sigma$ bond
- C3=C4: 1 $\sigma$ bond
- C4-C5: 1 $\sigma$ bond
- C5≡C6: 1 $\sigma$ bond
- C1-H (2): 2 $\sigma$ bonds
- C2-H (1): 1 $\sigma$ bond
- C3-H (1): 1 $\sigma$ bond
- C4-H (2): 2 $\sigma$ bonds
- C6-H (1): 1 $\sigma$ bond
Total $\sigma$ bonds = 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 2 + 1 + 1 + 2 + 1 = 11
3. Counting Pi Bonds:
- C1=C2: 1 $\pi$ bond
- C3=C4: 1 $\pi$ bond
- C5≡C6: 2 $\pi$ bonds
Total $\pi$ bonds = 1 + 1 + 2 = 4
4. Calculating the Sum:
Sum of $\sigma$ and $\pi$ bonds = 11 + 4 = 15
Final Answer:
The sum of sigma ($\sigma$) and pi ($\pi$) bonds is 15.
Approach Solution -2
Step 1: Understand the Structure of Hex-1,3-dien-5-yne
Hex-1,3-dien-5-yne is a hydrocarbon with 6 carbon atoms (hex- means 6). The name gives us key information:
- "dien" means two double bonds at positions 1 and 3.
- "yne" means one triple bond at position 5.
The carbon chain is linear with the following bonds:
- C1=C2: Double bond
- C2-C3: Single bond
- C3=C4: Double bond
- C4-C5: Single bond
- C5≡C6: Triple bond
The structural formula is: H₂C=CH-CH=CH-C≡CH.
Step 2: Count the Sigma (σ) Bonds
Sigma (σ) bonds are the single covalent bonds between atoms. In organic molecules:
- Every single bond is 1 σ bond.
- A double bond has 1 σ bond and 1 π bond.
- A triple bond has 1 σ bond and 2 π bonds.
Let’s count the σ bonds in H₂C=CH-CH=CH-C≡CH:
Carbon-carbon bonds:
- C1=C2 (double bond): 1 σ bond
- C2-C3 (single bond): 1 σ bond
- C3=C4 (double bond): 1 σ bond
- C4-C5 (single bond): 1 σ bond
- C5≡C6 (triple bond): 1 σ bond
Total C-C σ bonds = 5.
Carbon-hydrogen bonds:
- C1: 2 H atoms (2 σ bonds)
- C2: 1 H atom (1 σ bond)
- C3: 1 H atom (1 σ bond)
- C4: 1 H atom (1 σ bond)
- C6: 1 H atom (1 σ bond)
Total C-H σ bonds = 2 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 6.
Total σ bonds = 5 (C-C) + 6 (C-H) = 11.
Step 3: Count the Pi (π) Bonds
Pi (π) bonds are the additional bonds in double and triple bonds:
- A double bond has 1 π bond.
- A triple bond has 2 π bonds.
Let’s count the π bonds in the molecule:
- C1=C2 (double bond): 1 π bond
- C3=C4 (double bond): 1 π bond
- C5≡C6 (triple bond): 2 π bonds
Total π bonds = 1 + 1 + 2 = 4.
Step 4: Calculate the Sum of Sigma and Pi Bonds
Now, add the number of σ Favored and π bonds:
σ bonds = 11
π bonds = 4
Sum = 11 + 4 = 15.
Final Answer
The sum of sigma (σ) and pi (π) bonds in hex-1,3-dien-5-yne is 15
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