Question:
The reservoir of kala azar in India is
The reservoir of kala azar in India is
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Recall whether Indian kala azar transmission depends on animals or on people.
Updated On: Jul 16, 2026
- Man
- Dog
- Pig
- Cattle
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Question:
The question asks about the reservoir host that maintains kala azar (visceral leishmaniasis) transmission in India.
Step 2: Key Concept or Approach:
Visceral leishmaniasis transmission patterns differ by region. In the Indian subcontinent, the disease is anthroponotic, meaning infected humans themselves serve as the reservoir from which the sandfly vector, Phlebotomus argentipes, picks up the parasite and spreads it to other people. This differs from the Mediterranean and parts of Africa, where the disease is zoonotic and dogs act as the main reservoir.
Step 3: Working Through the Options:
Man is correct because in the Indian epidemiological pattern of kala azar, humans are the only significant reservoir maintaining transmission, which is why case detection and treatment of human cases is central to control programs. Dog is the reservoir in the Mediterranean and parts of Africa and South America, not in India. Pig and cattle are not recognised reservoirs for Leishmania donovani in any region.
Step 4: Conclusion:
The correct answer is man, since Indian kala azar is anthroponotic with humans as the reservoir.
The question asks about the reservoir host that maintains kala azar (visceral leishmaniasis) transmission in India.
Step 2: Key Concept or Approach:
Visceral leishmaniasis transmission patterns differ by region. In the Indian subcontinent, the disease is anthroponotic, meaning infected humans themselves serve as the reservoir from which the sandfly vector, Phlebotomus argentipes, picks up the parasite and spreads it to other people. This differs from the Mediterranean and parts of Africa, where the disease is zoonotic and dogs act as the main reservoir.
Step 3: Working Through the Options:
Man is correct because in the Indian epidemiological pattern of kala azar, humans are the only significant reservoir maintaining transmission, which is why case detection and treatment of human cases is central to control programs. Dog is the reservoir in the Mediterranean and parts of Africa and South America, not in India. Pig and cattle are not recognised reservoirs for Leishmania donovani in any region.
Step 4: Conclusion:
The correct answer is man, since Indian kala azar is anthroponotic with humans as the reservoir.
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