Question

The plaque found in heavy calculus former differs from that in non-calculus former in that it has:

• A. Low calcium
• B. Low potassium
• C. Low phosphorus
• D. Mineral content is same

Hint:

Heavy calculus formers have a plaque composition that favors mineralization, whereas non-calculus formers have a higher potassium content.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

This question pertains to the differences in composition between plaque in heavy calculus formers versus non-calculus formers. Understanding the properties of dental plaque and its mineral content is essential in the field of periodontics.

Conceptual Explanation:

Dental plaque is a biofilm that forms on the teeth surfaces, consisting of bacteria, their by-products, and host components. Over time, plaque can calcify to form dental calculus (tartar), especially in individuals prone to this transformation.

Analysis of Options:

1. Low Calcium: This option suggests that there is a lower calcium content in the plaque of heavy calculus formers. In reality, calcium content tends to be higher in heavy calculus because calcium contributes to the mineralization process leading to tartar formation. Therefore, this option is incorrect.
2. Low Potassium: The plaque in heavy calculus formers is associated with a lower potassium content compared to non-calculus formers. This correlation arises due to the different chemical compositions that favor the mineralization process over typical plaque biofilm properties. Thus, this option is correct.
3. Low Phosphorus: Phosphorus, like calcium, is a significant component in the mineralization process. It is unlikely for phosphorus to be low in plaques that tend to form calculus since phosphorus is integral in forming hydroxyapatite crystals, which contribute to tartar. So this option is incorrect.
4. Mineral Content is Same: As established, the overall mineral content differs; heavy calculus formers tend to have a higher mineral content due to calcification. Hence, this option is incorrect.

Conclusion: The correct answer is Low potassium. The presence of lower potassium is a distinguishing factor in the plaque of heavy calculus formers compared to non-calculus formers.