Question

The historic 'Lucknow Pact' was signed in the year 1916 between which two organizations?

• A. Indian National Congress and Hindu Mahasabha
• B. Indian National Congress and All-India Muslim League
• C. Moderates and Extremists of Congress
• D. British Government and Indian National Congress

Hint:

Lucknow Pact (1916): Congress + Muslim League Key Idea: Hindu-Muslim Unity Associated Leader: Muhammad Ali Jinnah

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Concept: The Indian freedom movement often witnessed cooperation among different political organizations to present a united front against British colonial rule. One of the most significant examples of such cooperation was the Lucknow Pact of 1916.

Detailed Historical Analysis:

• Background of the Pact: By the early twentieth century, Indian political leaders felt the need for greater unity in demanding constitutional reforms from the British Government. The Indian National Congress and the All-India Muslim League had often pursued separate political agendas. However, the growing desire for self-government encouraged collaboration.

• The Lucknow Pact (1916): The Lucknow Pact was signed between:

• Indian National Congress (INC)

• All-India Muslim League
It was concluded during the Lucknow Session of Congress in December 1916.

• Important Features:

• Congress accepted separate electorates for Muslims.

• Both organizations jointly demanded constitutional reforms.

• Increased representation of Indians in legislative councils was demanded.

• The pact promoted Hindu-Muslim political cooperation.

• Role of Muhammad Ali Jinnah: Muhammad Ali Jinnah played a major role in bringing the two organizations together. Because of his efforts during this period, Sarojini Naidu referred to him as the ``Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim Unity.''

• Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

• Hindu Mahasabha was not a signatory to the Lucknow Pact.

• Moderates and Extremists reunited at the same session, but this reunion itself is not called the Lucknow Pact.

• The British Government was not a party to the agreement.

Therefore, the Lucknow Pact was signed between the

Indian National Congress and the All-India Muslim League.