Question:
The ground condition where the tunnel roof typically needs immediate support after excavation and walls can only stand for a few minutes is called as
The ground condition where the tunnel roof typically needs immediate support after excavation and walls can only stand for a few minutes is called as
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In tunnelling, ground is classified by how long it can stand unsupported (its stand-up time) after excavation. This guides how quickly support must be installed.
Updated On: Jun 16, 2026
- Firm ground
- Running ground
- Soft ground
- Self-supporting ground
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The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Concept:
In tunnelling, ground is classified by how long it can stand unsupported (its stand-up time) after excavation. This guides how quickly support must be installed.
Step 1:
Self-supporting and firm ground can stand for long periods without immediate support, while running ground flows out rapidly. These do not match the described behaviour.
Step 2:
Soft ground is the condition where the roof needs immediate support after excavation and the walls can stand only for a few minutes before failing. This short stand-up time defines soft ground.
Answer: Option (3) — Soft ground.
In tunnelling, ground is classified by how long it can stand unsupported (its stand-up time) after excavation. This guides how quickly support must be installed.
Step 1:
Self-supporting and firm ground can stand for long periods without immediate support, while running ground flows out rapidly. These do not match the described behaviour.
Step 2:
Soft ground is the condition where the roof needs immediate support after excavation and the walls can stand only for a few minutes before failing. This short stand-up time defines soft ground.
Answer: Option (3) — Soft ground.
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