Question

The chemical X is used in the prevention of heart attack. The structure of X is

• A. 1
• B. 2
• C. 3
• D. 4

Hint:

Acetylsalicylic acid ($\text{Aspirin}$) is a common NSAID (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug). Its primary use in cardiology is as an anti-platelet agent to prevent blood clots, which are the main cause of heart attacks and strokes.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Identify the common chemical used to prevent heart attacks.
Heart attacks are primarily caused by the formation of blood clots (thrombi) in the coronary arteries.
The most common and widely used chemical for the long-term prevention of heart attacks and strokes is Aspirin.
Aspirin works by irreversibly inhibiting the enzyme cyclooxygenase, which prevents the aggregation of platelets and thus prevents clot formation.

Step 2: Determine the chemical name and structure of Aspirin.
The chemical name for Aspirin is Acetylsalicylic acid.
The structure of Acetylsalicylic acid consists of a benzene ring with an acetyl group ($\text{-OCOCH}_3$) and a carboxylic acid group ($\text{-COOH}$) in ortho positions.

Step 3: Match the structure with the given options.
Option (A) is a benzene ring with a carboxylic acid ($\text{-COOH}$) and an acetoxy group ($\text{-OCOCH}_3$) in ortho positions. This is the structure of Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin).
The other structures are:
(B) Indole derivative.
(C) Sulfonamide.
(D) Amine derivative.

Step 4: Conclude the final correct option.
The chemical $\text{X}$ is Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid), which corresponds to Structure 1.