Question

The author suggests that the scientists holding the conventional view mentioned
in lines 15-16 make which of the following errors?

• A. \( \text{They mistakenly emphasize survival rather than diversity.} \)
• B. \( \text{They misunderstand the causes of specialization.} \)
• C. \( \text{They misuse zoological terminology.} \)
• D. \( \text{They catalog fossilized remains improperly.} \)
• E. \( \text{They overlook an alternative criterion of evolutionary success.} \)

Hint:

Infer critique from evolutionary context.

Answer 1

Answer: (E)

Step 1: Assume conventional view focuses on survival as evolutionary
success, per typical debates. Step 2: Author likely critiques a narrow focus, suggesting other
criteria (e.g., diversity). Step 3: (E) fits, as overlooking alternatives aligns with challenging
a limited perspective. Step 4: Others (A: survival vs. diversity may be intent, B-D: less
likely without text evidence) are speculative.