In engineering tolerances, the allowance is the intentional difference between the dimensions of a mating pair, such as a hole and shaft. The allowance is calculated as the difference between the upper limit of the shaft and the lower limit of the hole. This ensures that there is a specified gap or clearance between the two components, which is crucial for proper fitting.
- The upper limit of the shaft represents the largest permissible size of the shaft.
- The lower limit of the hole represents the smallest permissible size of the hole.
Thus, the correct answer is (C).