Comprehension
The agriculture sector has experienced buoyant growth in the past two years. The sector, which is the largest employer of workforce, accounted for a sizeable 18.8 per cent (2021- 22) in Gross Value Added (GVA) of the country registering a growth of 3.6 per cent in 2020-21 and 3.9 per cent in 2021-22. Growth in allied sectors including livestock, dairy and fisheries has been the major drivers of overall growth in the sector. When measured in total value of agricultural production, India is ranked fourth largest in the world. Post-independence, there was a need to import food grains due to low-productivity, stagnant food-crop sector and poor rural infrastructure making food self-sufficiency a major national goal. The introduction of the Green Revolution then yielded spectacular results and we became one of the largest producers of many agricultural commodities such as rice, wheat, pulses, fruits and vegetables. From being a net importer of foods in the 1960s, India is now a net exporter, thanks to Indian farmers and the Indian agriculture input industry. & nbsp;
Question: 1
Which of the following is the largest exported agricultural product from India?
Which of the following is the largest exported agricultural product from India?
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Among major crops, India leads the world especially in rice exports — a key fact often tested in agriculture-related questions.
Updated On: Jul 10, 2026
- Wheat
- Sugar
- Rice
- Barley
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The Correct Option is C
Approach Solution - 1
Rice is the largest exported agricultural product from India.
India has consistently been the world’s top exporter of rice, including basmati and non-basmati varieties, contributing significantly to agricultural export earnings.
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Elimination approach:
Wheat, sugar, and barley exports from India are all smaller in value than rice exports, and barley in particular is a minor export crop. Rice, covering both basmati and non-basmati varieties, consistently accounts for the largest share of India's agricultural export basket, which points to rice as the correct answer.
Wheat, sugar, and barley exports from India are all smaller in value than rice exports, and barley in particular is a minor export crop. Rice, covering both basmati and non-basmati varieties, consistently accounts for the largest share of India's agricultural export basket, which points to rice as the correct answer.
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Approach Solution -3
The question asks which of four crops makes up India's largest agricultural export by value. Comparing India's actual export position in each crop helps confirm the answer.
- Wheat: India exports wheat in some years, especially when global supply is tight, but its export volumes and value are far smaller than rice, and exports are often restricted to protect domestic supply.
- Sugar: India is a major sugar producer and a large exporter in good years, but sugar exports still trail well behind rice in total export earnings.
- Rice: India has held the position of the world's largest rice exporter for many years, shipping both aromatic basmati and bulk non-basmati rice to dozens of countries, making it by far the largest agricultural export earner.
- Barley: Barley is grown in India mainly for domestic use in brewing and animal feed, and it is a minor crop in the export basket with very limited volumes.
Comparing each crop's actual share of India's agricultural exports shows rice standing well ahead of the other three.
So the correct answer is Rice.
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Question: 2
According to provisional data released by the Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics, India achieved record exports of agricultural products for the financial year FY22. What was the value of India’s agricultural products exports according to this data?
According to provisional data released by the Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics, India achieved record exports of agricultural products for the financial year FY22. What was the value of India’s agricultural products exports according to this data?
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Remember: India’s agricultural exports crossed the USD 50 billion mark for the first time in FY22 — a frequently cited statistic in economic surveys.
Updated On: Jul 10, 2026
- USD 7.5 billion
- USD 95.34 billion
- USD 13.2 billion
- USD 50.21 billion
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The Correct Option is D
Approach Solution - 1
As per provisional data from the Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics (DGCI\ & S), India’s agricultural exports reached a record USD 50.21 billion in FY22.
This marked a significant milestone, driven by strong performance in rice, marine products, wheat, sugar, and spices.
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Elimination approach:
USD 7.5 billion and USD 13.2 billion are far too small to represent India's entire agricultural export basket for a full year, while USD 95.34 billion is closer to figures reported for broader merchandise export categories rather than agriculture alone. The figure that matches DGCIS's provisional agricultural export data for FY22 is USD 50.21 billion.
USD 7.5 billion and USD 13.2 billion are far too small to represent India's entire agricultural export basket for a full year, while USD 95.34 billion is closer to figures reported for broader merchandise export categories rather than agriculture alone. The figure that matches DGCIS's provisional agricultural export data for FY22 is USD 50.21 billion.
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This question asks for the exact record value of India's agricultural exports in FY22. Testing each figure for plausibility against what is known about India's trade numbers helps narrow it down.
- USD 7.5 billion: This figure is too small even for a single major agricultural item like basmati rice exports alone, so it cannot represent the entire agricultural export basket for a full year.
- USD 95.34 billion: This number is far closer to figures reported for much broader categories, such as total engineering goods exports or a multi-year cumulative figure, rather than one year of agricultural exports specifically.
- USD 13.2 billion: While large, this is still well short of what dozens of agricultural commodities combined, including rice, marine products, wheat, sugar, and spices, would add up to in a record year.
- USD 50.21 billion: This figure matches the scale expected from combining India's major agricultural export categories in a genuinely record year, and it is the number DGCIS reported for FY22.
Checking each option against the realistic scale of India's combined agricultural trade points to USD 50.21 billion as the only figure that fits.
So the correct answer is USD 50.21 billion.
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Question: 3
India is the world’s largest producer of which of the following?
India is the world’s largest producer of which of the following?
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Remember key Indian production rankings:
- Milk → India (No. 1)
- Rice → Among top producers, but not No. 1 (China leads)
- Almonds → USA leads
- Poultry meat → USA & China lead
Updated On: Jul 10, 2026
- Poultry meat
- Rice
- Almonds
- Milk
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The Correct Option is D
Approach Solution - 1
India is the world’s largest producer of milk, contributing the highest share to global milk production.
This growth has been driven by the success of the White Revolution and strong development of the dairy sector.
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Elimination approach:
The largest producers of poultry meat are countries like the United States, China, and Brazil, China leads global rice production, and the United States (California) dominates almond production. India does not top any of these three categories, but it has led the world in milk production for decades.
The largest producers of poultry meat are countries like the United States, China, and Brazil, China leads global rice production, and the United States (California) dominates almond production. India does not top any of these three categories, but it has led the world in milk production for decades.
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The question asks which product India leads the world in producing. Comparing India's actual global rank in each of the four categories should make this clear.
- Poultry meat: The largest poultry meat producers globally are the United States, Brazil, and China, with India ranking well behind these countries.
- Rice: China produces more rice than any other country, with India generally holding second place in global rice output.
- Almonds: Almond production is dominated overwhelmingly by the United States, particularly California, which grows the large majority of the world's supply, leaving India far behind.
- Milk: India produces more milk than any other country in the world, a position it has held for decades thanks to a large dairy-farming population and strong cooperative infrastructure.
Checking India's world rank across all four products shows it leads only in milk, not the other three.
So the correct answer is Milk.
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Question: 4
What is India’s ranking in the 2022 Global Hunger Index?
What is India’s ranking in the 2022 Global Hunger Index?
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Global indices often place India around the lower middle range — remembering approximate rank ranges helps eliminate extreme options.
Updated On: Jul 10, 2026
- 10
- 107
- 50
- 35
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The Correct Option is B
Approach Solution - 1
According to the 2022 Global Hunger Index, India was ranked 107th out of 121 countries, reflecting ongoing challenges in nutrition and child health indicators.
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Elimination approach:
Ranks like 10, 50, or 35 out of roughly 121 countries would suggest a relatively strong position, which does not match the widely reported concerns over child wasting and undernutrition figures that dragged India's score down that year. A rank of 107 aligns with the figure that was widely reported and debated after the 2022 index was released.
Ranks like 10, 50, or 35 out of roughly 121 countries would suggest a relatively strong position, which does not match the widely reported concerns over child wasting and undernutrition figures that dragged India's score down that year. A rank of 107 aligns with the figure that was widely reported and debated after the 2022 index was released.
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The question asks for India's exact rank out of 121 countries in the 2022 Global Hunger Index. Thinking about where in that list India was widely reported to sit should help confirm the number.
- 10: A rank this high, near the very top of 121 countries, would place India among the best-performing nations on hunger indicators, which contradicts the extensive coverage of India's poor child-nutrition scores that year.
- 107: A rank of 107 places India firmly in the bottom quarter of the list, matching the widespread news coverage describing India's position as troubling and lower than several of its neighbours.
- 50: A mid-table rank like this would not have generated the level of public debate and criticism that followed the 2022 release.
- 35: Similarly, a rank this good would be inconsistent with the reported concerns over child wasting that dragged India's score down.
Only a rank deep in the lower part of the 121-country list matches how the 2022 report was actually discussed, and that rank is 107.
So the correct answer is 107.
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Question: 5
The National Commission on Farmers, constituted in December 2004, which recommended the C2+50% formula for calculation of the Minimum Support Price, was chaired by:
The National Commission on Farmers, constituted in December 2004, which recommended the C2+50% formula for calculation of the Minimum Support Price, was chaired by:
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MSP reforms and farmer welfare recommendations are strongly associated with M.S. Swaminathan.
Updated On: Jul 10, 2026
- Ashok Gulati
- P. Sainath
- M.S. Swaminathan
- Abhijit Sen
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The Correct Option is C
Approach Solution - 1
The National Commission on Farmers was chaired by Dr. M.S. Swaminathan, known as the Father of the Green Revolution in India.
He recommended fixing MSP at C2 + 50%, which includes comprehensive cost plus a 50% margin.
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Elimination approach:
Ashok Gulati is an agricultural economist known for policy commentary, P. Sainath is a journalist covering rural distress, and Abhijit Sen served on the Planning Commission and various expert panels, but none of them chaired the National Commission on Farmers. Dr. M.S. Swaminathan, known as the father of India's Green Revolution, headed the commission and is credited with the C2+50% MSP recommendation.
Ashok Gulati is an agricultural economist known for policy commentary, P. Sainath is a journalist covering rural distress, and Abhijit Sen served on the Planning Commission and various expert panels, but none of them chaired the National Commission on Farmers. Dr. M.S. Swaminathan, known as the father of India's Green Revolution, headed the commission and is credited with the C2+50% MSP recommendation.
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The question asks who chaired the National Commission on Farmers, the body behind the C2+50% MSP formula. Checking each person's actual role and expertise should confirm who led it.
- Ashok Gulati: Gulati is a respected agricultural economist known for research and policy writing on farm reforms, but he was not the chairman of this particular government commission.
- P. Sainath: Sainath is a journalist celebrated for his reporting on rural distress and farmer suicides, an important voice on agriculture but not someone who headed a government commission.
- M.S. Swaminathan: Swaminathan, celebrated as the architect of India's Green Revolution, was appointed to chair the National Commission on Farmers in December 2004, and its reports carry his recommendations, including the C2+50% formula.
- Abhijit Sen: Sen was an economist who served on the Planning Commission and various expert panels on agriculture, but he was not the chairman of this specific commission.
Matching chairman-of-the-National-Commission-on-Farmers against each person's actual position confirms M.S. Swaminathan as the correct answer.
So the correct answer is M.S. Swaminathan.
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Question: 6
The bio-decomposer technology to avoid stubble burning around the Delhi NCR was developed by:
The bio-decomposer technology to avoid stubble burning around the Delhi NCR was developed by:
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Environmental agriculture innovations in India—especially related to stubble management—are frequently linked to ICAR–IARI (Pusa).
Updated On: Jul 10, 2026
- Monsanto
- Cargill
- Biocon
- ICAR, Pusa Campus
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The Correct Option is D
Approach Solution - 1
The Pusa bio-decomposer, used to decompose stubble and reduce farm fires, was developed by ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), Pusa Campus.
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Elimination approach:
Monsanto, Cargill, and Biocon are private agribusiness and biotechnology companies with no recorded role in developing a stubble-decomposing technology for Delhi NCR. The Pusa bio-decomposer was developed as a public-sector research solution, specifically by ICAR's Indian Agricultural Research Institute at its Pusa campus, to reduce farm fires around the capital.
Monsanto, Cargill, and Biocon are private agribusiness and biotechnology companies with no recorded role in developing a stubble-decomposing technology for Delhi NCR. The Pusa bio-decomposer was developed as a public-sector research solution, specifically by ICAR's Indian Agricultural Research Institute at its Pusa campus, to reduce farm fires around the capital.
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The question asks who developed the bio-decomposer technology used to tackle stubble burning around Delhi NCR. Checking what each organisation actually does should confirm the developer.
- Monsanto: Monsanto (now part of Bayer) is a private multinational known mainly for seeds and agrochemicals such as herbicides, with no record of developing a stubble decomposer for Indian farms.
- Cargill: Cargill is a private global agribusiness and commodity trading company, focused on trading and processing farm produce rather than developing biological research solutions like a decomposer.
- Biocon: Biocon is an Indian biopharmaceutical company focused on drugs and biosimilars for human health, a completely different field from farm-residue management.
- ICAR, Pusa Campus: The Indian Council of Agricultural Research, through its institute at Pusa, developed the bio-decomposer specifically as a public-sector research response to stubble burning around Delhi NCR.
None of the three private companies have any recorded involvement in this specific technology, leaving ICAR's Pusa campus as the developer.
So the correct answer is ICAR, Pusa Campus.
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Top CLAT Questions
- In the realm of contemporary literature, the interplay between character and setting is a nuanced dance that shapes the narrative’s essence. The setting, often described with painstaking detail, becomes more than a backdrop; it becomes a character, influencing the plot and character development.
Consider, for instance, the barren expanse of the desert in Jhumpa Lahiri’s The Namesake. The arid landscape mirrors the sense of isolation felt by the protagonist, Gogol, as he navigates his identity crisis in a foreign land. The relentless sun and vast sands are not mere descriptions; they are the silent witnesses to his inner turmoil.
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[Col. Wedgwood, MP, speaking in the British Parliament, 22 December 1919]
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