Concept:
To find how much one value exceeds another, we subtract the smaller value from the larger value.
Step 1: {\color{red}Identify the literacy rates from the table.}
- Literacy Rate of State A (2017--18) = 82
- Literacy Rate of State B (2017--18) = 94
Step 2: {\color{red}Find the difference.}
\[
94 - 82 = 12
\]
Step 3: {\color{red}Select the correct option.}
State B’s literacy rate exceeds State A’s literacy rate by:
\[
12 points
\]
Therefore, the correct answer is
Option (A).