Shown below are the vertical cross-sections of handpumps. Which of the following options depict(s) the correct working principle?
The Correct Option is A, B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Recall the principle of handpumps.
Atypical handpump works on the principle of atmospheric pressure and piston action:- The piston moves up and down.- Two valves (one at the bottom and one in the piston) ensure unidirectional water flow.- Upward motion of the piston creates suction, drawing water into the cylinder.- Downward motion closes the lower valve and allows water to pass through the piston valve, filling the upper chamber.
Step 2: Analyze the diagrams.
(A): Correctly shows the piston pulling water up. (B): Correctly shows the piston pushing water through the piston valve. (C): Misaligned valve mechanism, water cannot rise properly. (D): Incorrect configuration of valves, water path is blocked.
Correct options: (A) and (B).
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- Design Aptitude [50 Marks]
A visit to a museum or a zoo is always something we look forward to with much excitement. But such visits are very tiring too; after about an hour or so we look for a place to sit - a chair or bench, that is never nearby. What if we could carry our own chair everywhere?
Design a portable seating device that you could carry in your backpack or hand bag. It should be light enough to carry around, small enough to fit into your bag, easy to use, and good to look at.
Show the seating device when:
1) it has just been taken out of the bag and
2) it is ready to sit on.
Note:
• Make pencil sketches only
• Do not use colour
• Explain your design only through visuals and short labels.
• Do not write separate explanations.
Evaluation Criteria:
• Suitability of the design for the given context
• Ease of carrying and use
• Uniqueness of design
• Attention to detail
• Explanation of features through visuals only
• Clarity of the sketch and quality of presentation
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- ChatGPT is an extremely popular artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot from OpenAI. Which of the following options is the correct symbol/logo of ChatGPT?
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