Question:
Rishita summarizes the chlor-alkali process in the following table.
Option Product Formed Use I Hydrogen At cathode Used as a fuel II Chlorine At anode Used to make margarines III Sodium Hydroxide Near cathode To make soap IV Sodium Hydroxide Near anode To make bleaching powder
Identify the options that are correctly matched.
Rishita summarizes the chlor-alkali process in the following table.
Identify the options that are correctly matched.
| Option | Product | Formed | Use |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | Hydrogen | At cathode | Used as a fuel |
| II | Chlorine | At anode | Used to make margarines |
| III | Sodium Hydroxide | Near cathode | To make soap |
| IV | Sodium Hydroxide | Near anode | To make bleaching powder |
Show Hint
Remember where each product forms in the electrolysis of brine, and which product is used for which job.
Updated On: Nov 3, 2026
- I, II and III
- I and III
- II and IV
- I, II, III and IV
Show Solution
Verified By Collegedunia
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Recall the chlor-alkali process:
In this process we pass electricity through a concentrated solution of sodium chloride (brine). The equation is:
\[ 2\mathrm{NaCl} + 2\mathrm{H_2O} \to 2\mathrm{NaOH} + \mathrm{Cl_2} + \mathrm{H_2} \]
Chlorine gas collects at the anode (the positive electrode). Hydrogen gas collects at the cathode (the negative electrode). Sodium hydroxide stays in the solution near the cathode.
Step 2: Recall the uses of the three products:
Hydrogen is used as a fuel and in making ammonia and in hydrogenation of vegetable oils to make margarine.
Chlorine is used to make bleaching powder, to disinfect drinking water and to make PVC.
Sodium hydroxide is used to make soap and detergents, paper and artificial fibres.
Step 3: Check row I:
Hydrogen forms at the cathode and is used as a fuel. Both parts are correct, so row I is correctly matched.
Step 4: Check row II:
Chlorine does form at the anode, so the middle column is right. But chlorine is not used to make margarine. Margarine is made using hydrogen. So row II is wrong.
Step 5: Check row III:
Sodium hydroxide is formed near the cathode and is used to make soap. Both parts are correct, so row III is correctly matched.
Step 6: Check row IV:
Sodium hydroxide forms near the cathode, not near the anode. Also bleaching powder is made from chlorine, not from sodium hydroxide. So row IV is wrong.
Final Answer:
Only rows I and III are correctly matched. This is option B. \[ \boxed{\text{B}} \]
In this process we pass electricity through a concentrated solution of sodium chloride (brine). The equation is:
\[ 2\mathrm{NaCl} + 2\mathrm{H_2O} \to 2\mathrm{NaOH} + \mathrm{Cl_2} + \mathrm{H_2} \]
Chlorine gas collects at the anode (the positive electrode). Hydrogen gas collects at the cathode (the negative electrode). Sodium hydroxide stays in the solution near the cathode.
Step 2: Recall the uses of the three products:
Hydrogen is used as a fuel and in making ammonia and in hydrogenation of vegetable oils to make margarine.
Chlorine is used to make bleaching powder, to disinfect drinking water and to make PVC.
Sodium hydroxide is used to make soap and detergents, paper and artificial fibres.
Step 3: Check row I:
Hydrogen forms at the cathode and is used as a fuel. Both parts are correct, so row I is correctly matched.
Step 4: Check row II:
Chlorine does form at the anode, so the middle column is right. But chlorine is not used to make margarine. Margarine is made using hydrogen. So row II is wrong.
Step 5: Check row III:
Sodium hydroxide is formed near the cathode and is used to make soap. Both parts are correct, so row III is correctly matched.
Step 6: Check row IV:
Sodium hydroxide forms near the cathode, not near the anode. Also bleaching powder is made from chlorine, not from sodium hydroxide. So row IV is wrong.
Final Answer:
Only rows I and III are correctly matched. This is option B. \[ \boxed{\text{B}} \]
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