Question:
Principle: Nothing is an offence if it is done under intoxication and the person committing the offence was incapable to understand the nature of the Act. Intoxication should be without knowledge or against the will of the person.
Facts: A, B and C were having a party in a Bar where A persuaded B and C to take alcoholic drinks. On the persistent pursuasion B and C also consumed alcohol along with A. B and C had never consumed alcohol before. After intoxication, there was some argument between B and C where C pushed B with full force causing serious injury to B.
Principle: Nothing is an offence if it is done under intoxication and the person committing the offence was incapable to understand the nature of the Act. Intoxication should be without knowledge or against the will of the person.
Facts: A, B and C were having a party in a Bar where A persuaded B and C to take alcoholic drinks. On the persistent pursuasion B and C also consumed alcohol along with A. B and C had never consumed alcohol before. After intoxication, there was some argument between B and C where C pushed B with full force causing serious injury to B.
Facts: A, B and C were having a party in a Bar where A persuaded B and C to take alcoholic drinks. On the persistent pursuasion B and C also consumed alcohol along with A. B and C had never consumed alcohol before. After intoxication, there was some argument between B and C where C pushed B with full force causing serious injury to B.
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Intoxication can affect liability, but only if it renders the person incapable of understanding the nature of their actions.
Updated On: Jul 15, 2026
- C is liable
- C is not liable because he was intoxicated
- A is liable because A persuaded them to consume alcohol whereas they had never consumed alcohol
- A and C both are liable
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The Correct Option is A
Approach Solution - 1
According to the principle, a person who commits an offence under intoxication, without knowledge or against their will, is not liable for the act if they were incapable of understanding the nature of the act. In this case, C was intoxicated, but it was not mentioned that C was incapable of understanding the nature of their actions. C's intoxication does not exempt them from liability. Additionally, while B was persuaded to consume alcohol, the intoxication caused B to act in a manner that led to the injury. However, C is the one who physically pushed B with force causing the injury.
Thus, the correct answer is (A) C is liable.
Option (B) is incorrect because intoxication alone does not absolve someone from responsibility unless it renders them incapable of understanding the act. Option (C) is incorrect because A's persuasion does not absolve C's actions. Option (D) is incorrect because while A may have influenced them, it is C's physical action that led to the injury.
Thus, the correct answer is (A) C is liable.
Option (B) is incorrect because intoxication alone does not absolve someone from responsibility unless it renders them incapable of understanding the act. Option (C) is incorrect because A's persuasion does not absolve C's actions. Option (D) is incorrect because while A may have influenced them, it is C's physical action that led to the injury.
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Approach Solution -2
This question is about whether being persuaded into drinking, and then acting while intoxicated, excuses C from liability for injuring B. Let's test the options.
- C is liable: The intoxication defence only protects someone who drank without knowledge of what they were consuming or against their will, and who as a result could not understand the nature of the act. C agreed to drink after persuasion, which is not the same as being tricked or forced, and then deliberately pushed B with full force. That points to liability, not to a valid defence.
- C is not liable because he was intoxicated: Simply being intoxicated is not enough on its own. The defence needs the intoxication to have been involuntary and to have left C unable to understand what pushing B with force would do, and neither of those is shown here.
- A is liable because A persuaded them to consume alcohol, and they had never consumed it before: Persuading someone to drink is not the same as forcing alcohol on them without their knowledge. B and C still chose to drink after being persuaded, so A's role in starting the drinking does not make A responsible for the injury C caused during the later argument.
- A and C are both liable: This spreads liability to A even though A did not push or injure B. The injury was caused directly by C's act, so pinning shared liability on A goes beyond what the facts support.
Because C's intoxication was voluntary rather than forced or unknowing, and nothing shows C was incapable of understanding the act, the defence does not apply, and C remains responsible for pushing B with force.
So the correct answer is C is liable.
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Approach Solution -3
This question depends on a distinction the intoxication defence draws sharply: persuasion is not the same as compulsion or deception. Each wrong option blurs that distinction in some way.
- C is liable: This option keeps the distinction intact, C chose to drink after being persuaded, which is not the involuntary or unknowing intoxication the defence requires, and then deliberately pushed B with force, showing he understood what he was doing.
- C is not liable because he was intoxicated: This option treats intoxication alone as sufficient, erasing the requirement that it be involuntary or without knowledge and that it leave the person unable to understand the act. Nothing here shows C met either of those conditions.
- A is liable because he persuaded them to drink: This option shifts responsibility for the drinking onto A, but persuasion is not the same as forcing alcohol on someone without their knowledge; B and C still chose to drink, and the actual injury came from C's own separate act during the later quarrel.
- A and C are both liable: This option correctly keeps C in the picture but wrongly extends liability to A for an act, the push, that A had no part in; A's earlier persuasion to drink does not make him responsible for C's later independent act of force.
Since C's intoxication was voluntary rather than forced or unknowing, and his forceful push shows he still understood what he was doing, the defence does not shield him and the responsibility for the injury stays with C alone.
Therefore, the correct answer is C is liable.
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