Question

Observe the illustration and answer the following questions.
(a) Which defect is shown in the illustration?
(b) What are the reasons for the formation of abnormal cells?
(c) Mention any two treatment measures of the disease.

Hint:

Cancer is caused by uncontrolled cell division due to genetic mutations and can be treated using chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or surgery.

Answer 1

Step 1: Understanding the illustration.
The diagram shows normal cells gradually changing into abnormal cells and then forming a mass of irregular, uncontrolled cells. This indicates uncontrolled cell division.
Step 2: Identification of the defect.
The defect shown is cancer. It is characterized by uncontrolled growth and division of cells leading to tumor formation.
Step 3: Reasons for abnormal cell formation.
Abnormal cells are formed due to mutations in genes that control cell division. These mutations may be caused by carcinogens such as tobacco, radiation, harmful chemicals, or viral infections.
Step 4: Treatment measures.
Two common treatment measures are:
- Chemotherapy: Use of drugs to destroy cancer cells.
- Radiotherapy: Use of high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells.
Step 5: Conclusion.
Thus, cancer arises due to uncontrolled cell division, and it can be treated using methods like chemotherapy and radiotherapy.