Step 1: The sequence of head and body positions shown is the Epley manoeuvre, a canalith repositioning procedure.
Step 2: It is used to relieve the dizziness of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), which arises when displaced calcium carbonate crystals (canaliths/otoconia) settle in the semicircular canals, usually the posterior canal.
Step 3: The staged head rotations of the Epley manoeuvre guide these particles out of the canal and back into the utricle, abolishing the positional vertigo.
Step 4: Distractors such as Brandt-Daroff (habituation exercises), Semont (liberatory manoeuvre) and Foster (half-somersault) are other BPPV manoeuvres, but the depicted classic repositioning sequence is the Epley.