Question

Meigs syndrome is associated with:

• A. Ovarian fibroma, ascites, and pleural effusion
• B. Ovarian dermoid, ascites, and pleural effusion
• C. Uterine fibroid, ascites, and pleural effusion
• D. Ovarian cystadenocarcinoma, ascites, and pleural effusion

Hint:

Meigs syndrome involves a specific benign solid ovarian tumor causing fluid accumulation in two body cavities.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Define Meigs syndrome.
Meigs syndrome is a clinical triad consisting of:

1. A benign ovarian tumor (classically ovarian fibroma or fibrothecoma)
2. Ascites
3. Pleural effusion (usually right-sided)

Importantly, the ascites and pleural effusion resolve completely after surgical removal of the benign ovarian tumor.

Step 2: Mechanism.
The exact mechanism is not fully understood, but it is believed that the fibroma produces fluid that accumulates as ascites. The fluid then traverses through diaphragmatic defects (lymphatics or small openings) to cause pleural effusion, typically right-sided because of preferential flow through diaphragmatic lymphatics on the right.

Step 3: Distinguish from Pseudo-Meigs syndrome.
Pseudo-Meigs syndrome has the same clinical triad but is associated with other pelvic tumors (e.g., teratomas, Brenner tumors, uterine fibroids, ovarian cysts). These are not classical Meigs.

Conclusion: Meigs syndrome = ovarian fibroma + ascites + pleural effusion, all resolving after tumor removal.