Question

Match the following

Group I	Group II
Streptomycin	Inhibits beta-subunit of RNA polymerase
Cycloheximide	Inhibits peptidyl transferase activity of 505 subunit
Rifamycin	Inhibits peptidyl transferase activity of 605 subunit
Chloramphenicol	Inhibits binding of formyl methionine tRNA to ribosome

• A. P-1, Q-3, R-4, S-2
• B. P-4, Q-3, R-1, S-2
• C. P-2, Q-3, R-1, S-4
• D. P-3, Q-4. R-1, S-2

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

To solve this matching question, we need to correctly associate each antibiotic in Group I with its corresponding mechanism of action in Group II.

1. Streptomycin: This antibiotic is known to inhibit the binding of formyl methionine tRNA to ribosome. Therefore, it matches with option 4.
2. Cycloheximide: Cycloheximide inhibits the peptidyl transferase activity of the 60S ribosomal subunit, a property well-documented in eukaryotic organisms. Hence, it matches with option 3.
3. Rifamycin: This drug inhibits the beta-subunit of RNA polymerase, a specific type of enzyme critical for transcription in bacteria. Therefore, it matches with option 1.
4. Chloramphenicol: Known for inhibiting peptidyl transferase activity of the 50S ribosomal subunit in bacteria. Hence, it matches with option 2.

All the matches checked lead us to the answer: P-4, Q-3, R-1, S-2.

The correct matching option is therefore P-4, Q-3, R-1, S-2. Each antibiotic's mechanism of action was determined based on its biological effect on specific bacterial or eukaryotic ribosomal subunits or enzymes involved in protein synthesis.