Question

Match the following:

• A. A-IV, B-III, C-V, D-I
• B. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
• C. A-V, B-I, C-III, D-II
• D. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV

Hint:

Growth Hormone $\rightarrow$ Dwarfism Thyroxine $\rightarrow$ Cretinism Cortisol $\rightarrow$ Addison's disease Insulin $\rightarrow$ Diabetes mellitus

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Concept: Many endocrine disorders arise due to deficiency or excess secretion of hormones. Matching hormones with their associated disorders is a very important topic in Human Physiology.

Step 1: Match Growth Hormone with its disorder. Growth hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. Deficiency of growth hormone during childhood causes: \[ \boxed{\text{Dwarfism}} \] Therefore, \[ A \rightarrow IV \]

Step 2: Match Thyroxine with its disorder. Thyroxine is secreted by the thyroid gland. Deficiency of thyroxine during infancy results in: \[ \boxed{\text{Cretinism}} \] Characteristics include:
• Stunted growth
• Mental retardation
• Delayed development Therefore, \[ B \rightarrow III \]

Step 3: Match Cortisol with its disorder. Cortisol is secreted by adrenal cortex. Deficiency of adrenal cortical hormones produces: \[ \boxed{\text{Addison's disease}} \] Symptoms include:
• Fatigue
• Weight loss
• Low blood pressure Therefore, \[ C \rightarrow I \]

Step 4: Match Insulin with its disorder. Insulin is secreted by β-cells of pancreas. Insufficient insulin causes: \[ \boxed{\text{Diabetes mellitus}} \] Characterized by:
• Hyperglycemia
• Glucose in urine
• Excessive thirst Therefore, \[ D \rightarrow II \]

Step 5: Write the final matching. \[ A-IV,\; B-III,\; C-I,\; D-II \] Hence, \[ \boxed{\text{Option (B)}} \]