Step 1: Understanding the features.
- Ash layer (P): Ash layers are often used for dating of sedimentary rocks because they represent short-duration volcanic eruptions and can be used for precise dating. Therefore, P corresponds to (iii).
- Graded bedding (Q): Graded bedding refers to a type of sedimentary structure where the size of the particles decreases upward in the layer. It is typically part of a turbidite sequence, which is formed in underwater environments. Hence, Q corresponds to (i).
- Hiatus (R): A hiatus refers to a gap in the sedimentary record, often indicating a period of non-deposition or erosion. It represents a missing faunal zone, where no fossils are found, indicating a significant break in deposition. Thus, R corresponds to (iv).
- Soil profile (S): A soil profile typically forms in subaerial episodes in the sedimentary record where soil development occurs on land. This makes S correspond to (ii).
Step 2: Conclusion.
The correct matching is:
- Ash layer corresponds to Dating of sedimentary rocks (iii)
- Graded bedding corresponds to Part of a turbidite sequence (i)
- Hiatus corresponds to Missing faunal zone (iv)
- Soil profile corresponds to Subaerial episode in the sedimentary record (ii)
Hence, the correct answer is (A).
\[
\boxed{\text{P-iii; Q-i; R-iv; S-ii}}
\]
