Question

Match the entries in Group I with that in Group II. 
           Group I                                    Group II 
P) Cholera toxin                              1) Endotoxin 
Q) Diphtheria toxin                         2) Neurotoxin 
R) Lipopolysaccharide                     3) Enterotoxin 
S) Tetanus toxin                               4) Cytotoxin 
 

• A. P-1, Q-2, R-3, S-4
• B. P-3, Q-2, R-1, S-4
• C. P-3, Q-4, R-1, S-2
• D. P-4, Q-1, R-2, S-3

Hint:

Toxins can be classified into different types based on their mechanism of action: enterotoxins, neurotoxins, cytotoxins, and endotoxins.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

To solve this matching question, we need to correctly associate the toxins listed in Group I with their appropriate categories in Group II. Let's examine each toxin:

1. Cholera toxin: This toxin is produced by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It primarily affects the digestive system, causing severe diarrhea by disrupting ion transport in the epithelial cells of the intestines. Therefore, it is characterized as an enterotoxin, as enterotoxins target the intestines.
2. Diphtheria toxin: Produced by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, this toxin inhibits protein synthesis in cells, leading to cell death and tissue damage. Such actions classify it as a cytotoxin, as cytotoxins target and destroy specific cells.
3. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS): This is a major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. It is known as an endotoxin due to its release upon the breakdown of bacterial cells, causing inflammation and septic shock.
4. Tetanus toxin: Produced by Clostridium tetani, this toxin affects the nervous system by inhibiting neurotransmitter release, leading to muscle spasms. As it affects the nervous system, it is classified as a neurotoxin.

Based on these associations, we can match the toxins as follows:

Group I	Group II
P) Cholera toxin	3) Enterotoxin
Q) Diphtheria toxin	4) Cytotoxin
R) Lipopolysaccharide	1) Endotoxin
S) Tetanus toxin	2) Neurotoxin

Therefore, the correct answer is: P-3, Q-4, R-1, S-2.