Question

Match items in Column-I with Column-II and choose the correct

• A. a - iii, b - i, c - iv, d - ii
• B. a - iv, b - ii, c - iii, d - i
• C. a - iii, b - ii, c - iv, d - i
• D. a - iii, b - iv, c - i, d - ii

Hint:

Remember associations: Mitochondria = Middle piece (Energy). Acrosome = Apex (Enzymes for egg entry). Nucleus = Head (Genetics).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept: A mature mammalian sperm cell is a specialized cell divided into four main functional regions: head, neck, middle piece, and tail.
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach: Match the anatomical structure of the sperm with its specific physiological function during fertilization.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
(a) The Acrosome is a cap-like structure covering the anterior portion of the sperm head. It is filled with hydrolytic enzymes (like hyaluronidase) that help dissolve the egg membranes during fertilization. Thus, a matches with iii.
(b) The Head of the sperm primarily contains the genetic material in the form of an elongated haploid nucleus. Thus, b matches with iv.
(c) The Middle piece is packed with numerous mitochondria, which generate the ATP (energy) required to power the movement of the tail. Thus, c matches with i.
(d) The Tail is a long flagellum that beats in a whip-like motion to propel the sperm forward, facilitating sperm motility. Thus, d matches with ii.
Combining these correct associations, we get: a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-ii.
Step 4: Final Answer: The correct option is (4).