Question

Match Column I and Column II

Column I		Column II
1.	Narrowly utilitarian argument	p.	Conserving biodiversity for major ecosystem services.
2.	Broadly utilitarian argument	q.	Every species has an intrinsic value and moral duty to pass our biological legacy in good order to future generation.
3.	Ethical argument	r.	Receiving benefits like food, medicine & industrial products.

• A. 1-p, 2-q, 3-r
• B. 1-q, 2-r, 3-p
• C. 1-r, 2-p, 3-q
• D. 1-r, 2-q, 3-p

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Let's match the items from Column I with their appropriate descriptions from Column II:

Narrowly utilitarian argument:
This refers to the view that conserving biodiversity has practical uses, such as for food, medicine, and industrial products. Hence, it matches with:

• 1 → r (Receiving benefits like food, medicine & industrial products)

Broadly utilitarian argument:
This argument emphasizes the value of biodiversity in terms of ecosystem services, like regulating the climate, purifying air, and supporting human life. Hence, it matches with:

• 2 → p (Conserving biodiversity for major ecosystem services)

Ethical argument:
This argument is based on the belief that every species has an intrinsic value and there is a moral duty to preserve biological diversity for future generations. Hence, it matches with:

• 3 → q (Every species has an intrinsic value and moral duty to pass our biological legacy in good order to future generations)

The correct answer is (C) : 1-r, 2-p, 3-q.

Answer 2

Let's match the arguments for conserving biodiversity (Column I) with their descriptions (Column II): 

• 1. Narrowly utilitarian argument: This perspective focuses on the direct, tangible economic benefits humans derive from individual species. This includes obtaining resources like food, medicine, & industrial products (r). 
  So, 1 → r.
• 2. Broadly utilitarian argument: This perspective emphasizes the benefits humans derive from the overall functioning of ecosystems. This includes major ecosystem services (p) such as pollination, climate regulation, oxygen production, flood control, nutrient cycling, etc., which are essential for human survival and well-being but may not be directly harvested products. 
  So, 2 → p.
• 3. Ethical argument: This perspective is based on moral principles and intrinsic values. It argues that biodiversity should be conserved because every species has an intrinsic value, irrespective of its usefulness to humans, and that we have a moral duty to protect life and pass on our biological heritage to future generations (q). 
  So, 3 → q.

The correct matching sequence is:

• 1 → r
• 2 → p
• 3 → q

Comparing this to the options provided:

• 1-p, 2-q, 3-r
• 1-q, 2-r, 3-p
• 1-r, 2-p, 3-q
• 1-r, 2-q, 3-p

The correct option is 1-r, 2-p, 3-q.