In which of the following compound central atom has +4 oxidation state?
- \(SO_3\)
- \(H_2SO_3\)
- \(H_2S_2O_7\)
- \(BaSO_4\)
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
To determine which compound has the central atom with a +4 oxidation state, we need to calculate the oxidation state of sulfur in each compound:
-
\(SO_3\):
- Oxygen has a common oxidation state of -2.
- Let's assume the oxidation state of sulfur (S) is \(x\).
- The equation based on the oxidation state is: \(x + 3(-2) = 0\).
- Solving, \(x - 6 = 0 \rightarrow x = +6\).
- Hence, in \(SO_3\), sulfur has an oxidation state of +6.
-
\(H_2SO_3\):
- Hydrogen has an oxidation state of +1.
- Let's assume the oxidation state of sulfur (S) is \(x\).
- The equation is \(2(+1) + x + 3(-2) = 0\).
- Solving, \(2 + x - 6 = 0 \rightarrow x = +4\).
- Hence, in \(H_2SO_3\), sulfur has an oxidation state of +4.
-
\(H_2S_2O_7\):
- Oxygen: -2, Hydrogen: +1.
- Assuming oxidation state of sulfur is \(x\).
- The equation is \(2(+1) + 2x + 7(-2) = 0\).
- Solving, \(2 + 2x - 14 = 0 \rightarrow 2x = +12 \rightarrow x = +6\).
- Thus, in \(H_2S_2O_7\), sulfur has an oxidation state of +6.
-
\(BaSO_4\):
- Barium (Ba) has a +2 oxidation state.
- Assuming sulfur has an oxidation state of \(x\).
- The equation is: \(+2 + x + 4(-2) = 0\).
- Solving, \(2 + x - 8 = 0 \rightarrow x = +6\).
- Thus, in \(BaSO_4\), sulfur has an oxidation state of +6.
After evaluating oxidation states, we conclude that the compound where the sulfur has an oxidation state of +4 is \(H_2SO_3\). This makes option \(H_2SO_3\) the correct answer.
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Concepts Used:
Oxidation and Reduction
What is Oxidation?
Oxidation is a chemical process which can be explained by following four point of views
In terms of oxygen transfer
In terms of electron transfer
In terms of hydrogen transfer
In terms of oxidation number
Oxidation in Terms of Oxygen Transfer – Oxidation is gain of oxygen.
What is Reduction?
Reduction is a chemical process which can be explained by following four point of views
In terms of oxygen transfer
In terms of electron transfer
In terms of hydrogen transfer
In terms of oxidation number
Reduction in Terms of Oxygen Transfer – Reduction is loss of oxygen.
What is Redox Reaction?
A chemical reaction which involves transfer of electrons or change in oxidation number of atoms is called redox reaction.