In salivary gland chromosomes/polytene chromosomes, pairing is formed between homologous chromosomes. A characteristics feature of these chromosomes is that somatic pairing occurs in them and hence their number appears half of normal somatic cells.
A cell is derived as the functional and structural unit of life. Every cell is surrounded by a cell membrane that dissects the external and internal environments of the cell. The interior environment of a cell is called the cytoplasm.
It carries cellular machinery and structural elements. The nucleus is present in the center of the cell, which includes all the hereditary information of an organism. Some of the molecules present in the cell are protein, carbohydrates, starch, and sugar.