Question

In India, sentinel surveillance is done for the following diseases/conditions, EXCEPT

• A. Hepatitis B
• B. Diarrhea
• C. Acute Flaccid Paralysis
• D. HIV

Hint:

Sentinel surveillance uses select fixed sites for a few specific diseases, not routine reporting.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Question:
We need to pick the one condition among the four that is NOT tracked through India's sentinel surveillance system.

Step 2: Key Concept:
Sentinel surveillance means collecting disease data from a fixed network of selected reporting sites (sentinel sites), rather than from every health facility in the country. India runs sentinel surveillance for a specific set of diseases where routine reporting is not detailed enough, mainly HIV, hepatitis B and C, other sexually transmitted infections, and vaccine preventable diseases tracked for eradication or elimination goals, such as Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) for polio.

Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
HIV sentinel surveillance is one of the oldest and best known sentinel systems in India, run through antenatal clinics, blood banks, and high risk group clinics.
Hepatitis B (and C) sentinel surveillance is carried out at selected sites to track trends in viral hepatitis.
AFP surveillance is a mainstay of the polio eradication program, every case of sudden floppy weakness in a child under 15 is reported and investigated as a sentinel event.
Diarrheal disease, in contrast, is tracked through routine disease surveillance under programs like the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP), which collects case counts from all reporting units, not from a limited sentinel network built specifically for diarrhea.

Step 4: Final Answer:
Among the four, diarrhea is the condition that is not part of India's dedicated sentinel surveillance system.