Step 1: Recall the working principle of a ramjet engine.
A ramjet engine has
\[
\boxed{\text{no compressor and no turbine}.}
\]
It relies entirely on the forward speed of the aircraft to compress the incoming air.
Step 2: Identify the compression mechanism.
The incoming air is compressed through
• the diffuser, and
• shock waves (for supersonic flight).
Thus,
\[
\boxed{
\text{air compression takes place by the diffuser and shock waves.}
}
\]
Therefore,
\[
\boxed{(B)}
\]
is the correct answer.