Step 1: Read the contrast study. There is a rounded soft-tissue mass within the bowel lumen with contrast curving around its leading edge, the 'claw' or 'crescent' sign, and a coiled-spring appearance of mucosal folds.
Step 2: Interpret. One segment of bowel has telescoped into the next, the classic picture of intussusception.
Step 3: Tie in the clinical clue. Typically an infant with episodic colicky pain, screaming episodes, and passage of blood and mucus ('redcurrant jelly' stool). The abdominal radiograph may show absent bowel gas in the right iliac fossa with a soft-tissue mass.
Why the others are wrong: Carcinoma colon gives an 'apple-core' annular stricture. Sigmoid volvulus gives a 'coffee-bean' loop arising from the pelvis. Diverticulitis shows outpouchings with localised inflammation, none of which is a telescoped target.
Ref: David Sutton, Textbook of Radiology and Imaging, Volume 1, 7th edition, Page 872.