Identify the correct statements from the following:
I. Conjugate base of chloric acid is \( ClO^- \)
II. \( AlCl_3 \) is a Lewis acid
III. Conjugate base of \( NH_3 \) is \( NH_2^- \)
II. \( AlCl_3 \) is a Lewis acid
III. Conjugate base of \( NH_3 \) is \( NH_2^- \)
Show Hint
- A conjugate base is formed by removing \( H^+ \) from an acid.
- A Lewis acid is an electron pair acceptor (e.g., \( AlCl_3 \) with an incomplete octet).
- I, II, III
- I, II only
- II, III only
- I, III only
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Evaluating Each Statement
- Statement I: Conjugate base of chloric acid
- Chloric acid (\( HClO_3 \)) ionizes as: \[ HClO_3 \rightarrow ClO_3^- + H^+ \]
- The conjugate base is \( ClO_3^- \), not \( ClO^- \).
- Statement I is incorrect.
- Statement II: \( AlCl_3 \) as a Lewis Acid
- \( AlCl_3 \) has an incomplete octet (6 valence electrons on Al).
- It accepts electron pairs, making it a Lewis acid.
- Statement II is correct.
- Statement III: Conjugate base of \( NH_3 \)
- \( NH_3 \) is a weak base; its conjugate acid is \( NH_4^+ \).
- The conjugate base of \( NH_3 \) is \( NH_2^- \).
- Statement III is correct.
Step 2: Conclusion Only Statements II and III are correct. Thus, the correct answer is \( \mathbf{(3)} \) II, III only.
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