How many of the following ligands are stronger than H₂O?
\[
{S}^{2-}, \, {Br}^-, \, {C}_2{O}_4^{2-}, \, {CN}^-, \, {en}, \, {NH}_3, \, {CO}, \, {OH}^-
\]
Show Hint
- 5
- 3
- 4
- 6
The Correct Option is C
Approach Solution - 1
- Weak ligands relative to H2O: S2-, Br-, OH-
- Strong ligands relative to H2O: C2O42-, CN-, en (ethylenediamine), NH3, CO
Approach Solution -2
The strength of ligands is determined by their ability to form strong coordinate bonds with the central metal ion. Water (H₂O) is a weak ligand, and we need to compare the listed ligands based on their strength.
Step 1:
- \( {S}^{2-} \) (Sulfide) is a strong ligand, stronger than water.
- \( {Br}^- \) (Bromide) is weaker than water.
- \( {C}_2{O}_4^{2-} \) (Oxalate) is a moderately strong ligand.
- \( {CN}^- \) (Cyanide) is a very strong ligand, stronger than water.
- \( {en} \) (ethylenediamine) is a strong bidentate ligand.
- \( {NH}_3 \) (Ammonia) is stronger than water but weaker than cyanide.
- \( {CO} \) (Carbon monoxide) is one of the strongest ligands, stronger than water.
- \( {OH}^- \) (Hydroxide) is weaker than water.
Step 2: The ligands stronger than water are: \( {S}^{2-}, \, {CN}^-, \, {en}, \, {CO} \). Thus, the number of ligands stronger than H₂O is 4, making option (3) the correct answer.
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