HF has highest boiling point among hydrogen halides, because it has :
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- lowest dissociation enthalpy
- strongest hydrogen bonding
- lowest ionic character
- strongest van der Waals' interactions
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
HCl, HBr and HI have only dipole-dipole and van der Waals forces, which increase with size from HCl to HI.
HF is the exception: the very electronegative small F atom forms strong intermolecular H-bonds (F-H...F) giving associated molecules, which need much more energy to be separated.
HF in fact has the highest bond dissociation enthalpy and the highest ionic character, and its van der Waals forces are the weakest, so only hydrogen bonding explains the highest boiling point.
Answer: (2) strongest hydrogen bonding
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