Step 1: Golden rice is a genetically modified (transgenic) variety of rice (Oryza sativa). Step 2: It has been engineered to biosynthesize beta-carotene, which is a precursor of Vitamin A, in the edible parts of the rice. Step 3: This was developed as a fortified food to be grown and consumed in areas with a shortage of dietary Vitamin A, which causes night blindness.