Given below are two statements: Statement I: $\text{PF}_5$ and $\text{BrF}_5$ both exhibit $\text{sp}^3\text{d}$ hybridisation.Statement II: Both $\text{SF}_6$ and $[\text{Co}(\text{NH}_3)_6]^{3+}$ exhibit $\text{sp}^3\text{d}^2$ hybridisation. In the light of the above statements,choose the correct answer from the options given below:
- Statement I is true but Statement II is false
- Both Statement I and Statement II are true
- Both Statement I and Statement II are false
- Statement I is false but Statement II is true
The Correct Option is C
Approach Solution - 1
To determine the truthfulness of the given statements about hybridization, let's analyze each statement separately.
- Analysis of Statement I: "PF5 and BrF5 both exhibit sp3d hybridization."
- \(\text{PF}_5\): Phosphorus pentafluoride is a molecule where phosphorus is the central atom bonded to five fluorine atoms. The hybridization of phosphorus in PF5 is sp3d, forming a trigonal bipyramidal geometry. This is correct.
- \(\text{BrF}_5\): Bromine pentafluoride is a molecule where bromine is the central atom bonded to five fluorine atoms and one lone pair. The hybridization here is sp3d2, resulting in a square pyramidal geometry. Statement I claims sp3d hybridization, which is incorrect for BrF5.
- Analysis of Statement II: "Both SF6 and [Co(NH3)6]3+ exhibit sp3d2 hybridization."
- \(\text{SF}_6\): Sulfur hexafluoride is where sulfur is bonded to six fluorine atoms. The hybridization of sulfur in SF6 is indeed sp3d2, forming an octahedral shape. This is correct.
- \([\text{Co}(\text{NH}_3)_6]^{3+}\): In this complex, cobalt is surrounded by six ammonia ligands. The metal-ligand bond involves d2sp3 hybridization when considering inner orbital complex formation (low-spin complex due to ligand field theory), not sp3d2. Therefore, the statement is incorrect concerning this complex.
After analyzing both statements, we find that:
- Statement I is false since BrF5 does not exhibit sp3d hybridization.
- Statement II is also false as [Co(NH3)6]3+ does not exhibit sp3d2 but instead forms d2sp3 hybridization for this specific complex.
Thus, the correct answer is: Both Statement I and Statement II are false.
Approach Solution -2
The hybridisation of the given molecules is as follows:
| \(Molecule\) | \(Hybridisation\) |
| \(\text{PF}_5\) | \(sp^3d\) |
| \(\text{BrF}_5\) | \(sp^3d^2\) |
| \(\text{SF}_6\) | \(sp^3d^2\) |
| \([\text{Co(NH}_3\text{)}_6]^{3+}\) | \(d^2sp^3\) |
Thus, both Statement I and Statement II are false.
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