Question

Given below are two statements :
Statement (I) : Both metal and non-metal exist in p and d-block elements.
Statement (II) : Non-metals have higher ionisation enthalpy and higher electronegativity than the metals.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the option given below:

• A. Both Statement I and Statement II are false
• B. Statement I is false but Statement II is true
• C. Statement I is true but Statement II is false
• D. Both Statement I and Statement II are true

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

To evaluate the given statements, let's analyze each one and verify its accuracy based on chemical concepts.

1. Statement (I): Both metal and non-metal exist in p and d-block elements.
   • The periodic table contains different blocks that categorize elements based on their outer electron configurations.
   • p-block elements: This block includes both metals (like Aluminium, Tin) and non-metals (like Oxygen, Nitrogen), as well as metalloids (like Silicon, Germanium).
   • d-block elements: These are transition metals, such as Iron, Copper, and Zinc. Non-metals are generally not found in the d-block.

   Based on the above analysis, Statement (I) is incorrect because non-metals are not present in the d-block of the periodic table.

2. Statement (II): Non-metals have higher ionisation enthalpy and higher electronegativity than the metals.
   • Ionisation Enthalpy: This refers to the energy required to remove an electron from an atom. Non-metals, which tend to gain electrons to achieve a noble gas configuration, typically have higher ionisation enthalpies than metals.
   • Electronegativity: This is the tendency of an atom to attract electrons. Non-metals, especially elements like Fluorine and Oxygen, have higher electronegativities compared to metals, which are more electropositive.

   Hence, Statement (II) is true, as it correctly describes the general trend for non-metals compared to metals regarding ionisation enthalpy and electronegativity.

Based on the above analysis, the most appropriate answer is: Statement I is false but Statement II is true.

Answer 2

Analysis of Statement (I): - The p-block elements contain both metals, non-metals, and metalloids. Examples include elements such as carbon (non-metal), lead (metal), and silicon (metalloid). - However, the d-block elements primarily consist of transition metals and do not contain non-metals. Therefore, it is incorrect to state that both metals and non-metals exist in the d-block.
- Hence, Statement (I) is false.
Analysis of Statement (II): - Non-metals generally have higher ionisation enthalpy and higher electronegativity than metals. This is due to the strong nuclear attraction for electrons in non-metals, making it more difficult to remove electrons (higher ionisation energy) and more favorable to gain electrons (higher electronegativity).
- Therefore, Statement (II) is true.
Conclusion: Statement I is false but Statement II is true.