Question

Given below are two statements :
Statement I : A mixture of chloroform and aniline can be separated by simple distillation.
Statement II : When separating aniline from a mixture of aniline and water by steam distillation aniline boils below its boiling point.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

• A. Both Statement I and Statement II are true
• B. Both Statement I and Statement II are false
• C. Statement I is true but Statement II is false
• D. Statement I is false but Statement II is true

Hint:

Simple distillation needs a large boiling point gap; in steam distillation the mixture boils when the sum of vapour pressures equals atmospheric pressure.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Statement I: chloroform boils at about 334 K and aniline at about 457 K. The difference (over 100 K) is large, and the two are miscible and non-reacting, so simple distillation separates them. TRUE.
Statement II: in steam distillation of aniline and water (immiscible), the mixture boils when \(p_{aniline}+p_{water}=p_{atm}\). This happens at a temperature below the boiling point of water (373 K) and hence below the boiling point of aniline (457 K). So aniline distils below its normal boiling point. TRUE.
Both statements are true.
Answer: (1) Both Statement I and Statement II are true