Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : Radius of H+ is 1.5 × 10–3 pm
Reason (R) : H+ cannot exist independently
In the light of the above statements, write the detailed answer:
Assertion (A) : Radius of H+ is 1.5 × 10–3 pm
Reason (R) : H+ cannot exist independently
In the light of the above statements, write the detailed answer:
Solution and Explanation
Analysis of Assertion (A):
- The hydrogen ion (H+) is essentially a proton.
- Since a proton is a subatomic particle with an extremely small size, its radius is approximately 1.5 × 10–3 pm.
- Thus, the Assertion (A) is correct.
Analysis of Reason (R):
- H+ is a bare proton without any electrons. Due to its high charge density and extremely small size, it cannot exist independently in nature.
- Instead, it immediately associates with other atoms or molecules, typically forming complexes like H3O+ in aqueous solutions.
- Thus, the Reason (R) is also correct.
Conclusion:
Both the Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct. Furthermore, the Reason (R) correctly explains the Assertion (A). Therefore, the correct answer is:
Option A: Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
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Concepts Used:
Dihydrogen
Dihydrogen is the homonuclear diatomic molecule built from two hydrogen atoms. This molecule characterizes a covalent bond between two hydrogen atoms, satisfying each of their required pair configurations.
Structure of Dihydrogen:
The dihydrogen molecule characterizes a single covalent bond between the two hydrogen atoms that comprise it. This molecule has a linear shape and is nonionic in nature. Each hydrogen atom comes up with one electron towards the covalent bond.
Properties of Dihydrogen:
- At Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP), dihydrogen exists in the gaseous state.
- The melting point of H2 is 13.99 Kelvin. Transforming this value to the celsius scale, the melting point of dihydrogen can be expressed as -259.16 degrees celsius.
- The boiling point correlated with dihydrogen corresponds to 20.271 on the Kelvins scale. Transforming this value into the celsius scale, the boiling point of H2 can be represented as -252.879 degrees celsius.
- The latent heat of fusion associated with the H2 molecule correlates to 0.117 kilojoules per mole.
- The latent heat of vaporization (also known as the enthalpy of vaporization) of dihydrogen is equivalent to 0.904 kilojoules per mole.