Step 1: Write in matrix form.
\[
\begin{bmatrix}
a & a & 0
1 & a & a - 1
a & a & a - 2
\end{bmatrix}
\begin{bmatrix}
x
y
z
\end{bmatrix}
=
\begin{bmatrix}
a + 2
a - 4
-8
\end{bmatrix}.
\]
Step 2: Find determinant of coefficient matrix.
\[
\Delta =
\begin{vmatrix}
a & a & 0
1 & a & a - 1
a & a & a - 2
\end{vmatrix}
= a
\begin{vmatrix}
a & a - 1
a & a - 2
\end{vmatrix}
- a
\begin{vmatrix}
1 & a - 1
a & a - 2
\end{vmatrix}.
\]
Compute minors:
\[
\begin{vmatrix}
a & a - 1
a & a - 2
\end{vmatrix}
= a(a - 2) - a(a - 1) = -a,
\]
\[
\begin{vmatrix}
1 & a - 1
a & a - 2
\end{vmatrix}
= (1)(a - 2) - a(a - 1) = a - 2 - a^2 + a = -a^2 + 2a - 2.
\]
Thus,
\[
\Delta = a(-a) - a(-a^2 + 2a - 2) = -a^2 + a^3 - 2a^2 + 2a = a^3 - 3a^2 + 2a = a(a - 1)(a - 2).
\]
Step 3: Analyze cases.
\(\Delta = 0\) when \(a = 0, 1, 2\).
For all other values of \(a\), the system has a unique solution.
At \(a = -2\), determinant \(\neq 0\), so it has a unique solution.
Final Answer:
\[
\boxed{\text{The given system has a unique solution for } a = -2.}
\]