Step 1: Concept
Ratio and Proportion Analogies.
Step 2: Analysis of First Pair
$16 \times 4 = 64$.
Alternatively, $16$ is $4^2$ and $64$ is $4^3$.
Step 3: Apply to Second Pair
Following the $\times 4$ logic: $36 \times 4 = 144$.
Following the square/cube logic: $36$ is $6^2$, so the next would be $6^3 = 216$ (Not in options).
Step 4: Conclusion
The multiplicative logic $\times 4$ holds. $36 \times 4 = 144$.
Final Answer: (2)