Question

``Economic recessions are often seen as negative events that disrupt national economies. However, some economists argue that recessions can be beneficial in the long term. They can encourage businesses to become more efficient and help reduce inflation." Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?

• A. Recessions are harmful to national economies.
• B. Some economists believe recessions may have positive effects.
• C. Inflation is caused by recessions.
• D. Businesses become more efficient during recessions.

Hint:

In main idea questions, look for transition words like "however," "but," or "although." They often signal a shift to the author's central point. The main idea should be general enough to cover all the details, but not so general that it's vague. Supporting details are not the main idea.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This is a main idea question. We need to identify the central point that the entire passage is built around.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
The passage starts by presenting a common view ("recessions are often seen as negative"). It then uses the transition word "However" to introduce a contrasting view. The rest of the passage explains this contrasting view: "some economists argue that recessions can be beneficial" and provides examples (efficiency, reduced inflation). The main idea is this contrasting viewpoint that the author is presenting.
- (A) Recessions are harmful to national economies. This is the initial viewpoint that the passage contrasts with, not the main idea.
- (B) Some economists believe recessions may have positive effects. This accurately summarizes the central argument introduced after "However".
- (C) Inflation is caused by recessions. The passage states that recessions help *reduce* inflation, not cause it.
- (D) Businesses become more efficient during recessions. This is a specific example used to support the main idea, but it is not the main idea itself. The main idea is the broader concept that recessions can be beneficial.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The main idea of the passage is that some economists hold the view that recessions can have beneficial outcomes. This corresponds to option (B).