Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Binomial nomenclature is the standardized international naming framework where every biological species is assigned a distinct name composed of two descriptive words.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
• Carolus Linnaeus: Established the formalized system of Binomial Nomenclature in his book Species Plantarum (1753). He is widely revered as the "Father of Taxonomy."
• Charles Darwin: Formulated the theory of biological evolution via natural selection.
• Gregor Mendel: Discovered the fundamental laws of inheritance through genetic cross experiments on pea plants.
• James Watson: Co-discovered the double-helix molecular structure of DNA.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Binomial nomenclature was introduced by Linnaeus.