Question

Analyse the graph given below: Share of Various Sectors in Employment (%). 

Hint:

Economic development usually leads to a shift of workers from the primary sector to the secondary and tertiary sectors.

Answer 1

Concept: The graph shows the percentage share of employment in the three major sectors of the economy—Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary—for the years 1977–78 and 2017–18. It highlights how employment patterns have changed over time as the economy developed.
Step 1: sector employment.
In 1977–78, about 71% of the workforce was employed in the primary sector, mainly agriculture. By 2017–18, this share decreased to 44%. This decline indicates a gradual shift of workers from agriculture to other sectors.

Step 2: sector employment.
The secondary sector accounted for about 11% of employment in 1977–78. By 2017–18, it increased to around 25%. This growth reflects the expansion of industries and manufacturing activities.

Step 3: sector employment.
The tertiary or service sector employed about 18% of the workforce in 1977–78. In 2017–18, this increased to approximately 31%, showing rapid growth in services such as banking, education, healthcare, and information technology.

Step 4: trend.
The graph indicates a structural transformation in the economy where employment is gradually shifting from agriculture to industry and service sectors.

Final Answer:
The graph shows that the share of employment in the primary sector decreased significantly from 71% to 44%, while the secondary and tertiary sectors increased, indicating economic development and diversification of employment opportunities.